The influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles tio2 nps on the toxicity of zno nps depends on size and surface properties. Zno nps 1518 nm in diameter were investigated at concentrations of 0. Khanna 1 department of physics, masinde muliro university of. Therefore, we analysed the determinants of zno nanoparticle np genotoxicity. Among other metal nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles are very much important due to their utilization in gas sensors, biosensors. Nano sized titanium dioxide particles have been used in sunscreens since at least 1990 and nano sized zinc oxide since 1999. Inflammatory effects are in particular seen in fibrous nano particles such as carbon nano tubes, and. The transport of metal ions across the cell membrane is wellregulated, but when the. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal viability assay for using with zno nps and to assess their toxicity to human hepatocyte l02 and human embryonic kidney hek293 cells. Genotoxic effects of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. Cellular morphology, mitochondrial function mtt assay, and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde. The investigation of the impact of nanoparticles on human health is overdue and reliable test systems accounting for the special properties of nanomaterials must be developed. However, through neutron activation of cobalt 59, another isotope named cobalt 60 is produced. Tio2 nps and microparticles rutile and anatase photoactive tio2crystalline forms coated and non.
Nanoparticular zinc oxide zno may be internalised through ambient air or the topical application of cosmetics, only to name a few, with unpredictable health effects. One other important aspect of nanoparticles is the transport principle krug and wick, 2011, or the trojan horse effect. Zinc oxide has a density of 5,61 gcm it evaporates at 0 c and above and sublimates as it reaches a temperature of 1800 c. Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles have gained considerable importance compared to bulk counterparts. Genotoxicity of zno nps zno np treatment induces genomic instability in macrophages. The effects of annealing temperatures for the precursors on the particle size of zno nps were investigated. The nano size of these particles means they are easily transported into biological systems, thus, raising the question of their effects on the susceptible systems. Oct 30, 2012 traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Nanoparticles and the scin a health risk for the consumer.
Evidence exists regarding the cytotoxic effects of zno nps in mammalian cells. Genotoxic effects of zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on root meristem cells of allium cepa by comet assay. Solgel method is used for the synthesis with the variation in ph. Nanozno and nanotio 2 characterization was carried out by using transmission electron microscopy tem. Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and.
Genotoxicity was shown as increases in the % tail dna shown by the comet assay. Studie on malachite green dye degradation by biogenic. The results showed that along with cesium oxide and zinc oxide, nickel and copper oxides at 10. Nano express open access cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in human hepatocyte and embryonic kidney cells exposed to zno nanoparticles rongfa guan1, tianshu kang1, fei lu2, zhiguo zhang3, haitao shen4 and mingqi liu1 abstract traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Accordingly, the research objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and phototoxicity behaviors of designed micno zno particles over human epidermal keratinocyte hacat cells. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via precipitation method after annealing the precursor at different temperatures. When photo genotoxicity results of the nano zno particles and micnozno particles are compared for uva, the tail length was increased by 71% for the nano zno particles and the increase was 59% for micnozno particles.
Pdf evidence of the differential biotransformation and. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and. In the present study, the phytotoxic and genotoxic effects of zno and cuo nps on buckwheat fagopyrum esculentum seedlings were estimated. We report here in this paper the synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles with an average size of particles less than 50 nm. A comprehensive in vitro and in vivo study of zno nanoparticles. Photogenotoxicity of 10 tio2powders used in cosmetics upon request of the sccnfp 1999, an industry consortium tio 2 producers and cosmetic industry investigated cytotoxicity genotoxicity and photogenotoxicity ames, cho test material.
Pdf genotoxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles researchgate. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobaltbased nano particles sources of cobalt. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean glycine max plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity of aluminum oxide al 2 o 3. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of zno nano crystals. Safety issue of changed nanotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in. It has been revealed that numerous properties of these nano sized elements are not present in their bulk states. Synthesis and characterization of zno nano particles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics under the esteemed guidance of dr.
Reports have described the toxicity of nanoparticles nps on micro and macroorganisms, including some plant species. The unique behavior and physicochemical properties of engineered nanoparticles nps confer novel capabilities to these particles, suitable for a plethora of industrial applications, but currently raise concerns about hazardous effects on biological systems. Growth, properties, and applications 7 another approach was performed by ayudhya et al. Zinc oxide nanoparticles znonp are widely spread in consumer products. Pdf comparative in vitro genotoxicity study of zno. Pdf in the present study, we evaluated the roles that zno particle size and zn ion release have on cyto and genotoxicity in vitro. They exhibit antibacterial, anticorrosive, antifungal and uv filtering properties. Because zno nps are widely used in sunscreen, human skin to zno exposure nps was one of the most important routes. Zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. Zinc oxide zno nps are being used worldwide in consumer products and industrial applications.
Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobalt, nickel and. Engineered zinc oxide zno nanoparticles nps have gained demand in the market owing to their unique. The expanded uses of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps have grown rapidly in the field of nanotechnology. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean glycine max plants martha l. The present study was aimed at comparing cytotoxic effects of zno and sio 2 nanoparticles with their micron size and secondary aim was to compare responses of these particles to two different. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles article pdf available in journal of nano and electronic physics 31.
Zno nanoparticles dissolve in the extracellular region, which in turn increases. As observed in the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium mtt and water. Zn formulations exhibited the following toxicities ec50 expressed as mgl for bulk zno, nanoparticles of zno and znso47h2o. Optical and structural properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Impact of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles on physiological and molecular processes in brassica napus l. The structure and composition of the precursor and prepared zno nps were studied using xray diffraction xrd, scanning electron microscopy sem, transmission. Mitotic studies in plants is thus considered as a reliable index in assessing genotoxicity in plants.
Znobased nanomaterials have been proven to be of great use for several leading applications since the beginning of nanoscience due to the abundance of zinc element and the relatively easy conversion of its oxide to nanostructures. Nano and microsized zno show systemic distribution, also after oral uptake, with a higher absorption and stronger toxic effect of the nanosized particles. Aug 07, 2012 the largest source of these nanomaterials is the transitional metals. Molecular mechanisms of zinc oxide nanoparticleinduced. Synthesis and characterization of manganese doped zno. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles via. Aug 15, 2012 oral np administration resulted in transient histopathology of the liver that was not seen after administration of 1. Zno based nanomaterials have been proven to be of great use for several leading applications since the beginning of nanoscience due to the abundance of zinc element and the relatively easy conversion of its oxide to nanostructures.
The human skin is the most important organ concerning znonp exposure. Cellular morphology, mitochondrial function mtt assay, and oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde, glutathione gsh. Suspensions of nano and bulk tio2 were not toxic even at 20 gl. Intracellular np accumulation was observed up to 6 weeks. Therefore, the nano zno particles exhibit much higher photo genotoxicity than micnozno particles. Extensive research is going on for commercializing nanoproducts throughout the world. Zincoxide nanoparticles exhibit genotoxic, clastogenic. Aug 29, 2008 we investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects of particles on primary mouse embryo fibroblast cells. The acute oral toxicity of one zno nanoparticle product finex50 was investigated with a dose of 2,000 mgkg. Until recently, most of the studies on the potential zno nps toxicity have focused on conventional model systems like mammals, aquatic. Zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity and genotoxicity through oxidative stress responses in human lung fibroblasts and drosophila melanogaster cheng teng ng,1,2, liang qing yong,1, manoor prakash hande,3 choon nam ong,2 liya e yu,4 boon huat bay,1 gyeong hun baeg1 1department of anatomy, yong loo lin school of medicine, national university of singapore, singapore. Some of the synonyms used for znos are oxydatum, zinci oxicum, permanent white, ketozinc and oxozinc.
Aug 14, 20 many airborne and soilborne nanoparticles nps can enter plants, which are the primary producers in the food chain. Although physical and chemical properties of micnozno particles have been studied, their biocompatibility has not yet been evaluated. Many reports have suggested that metallic nps and oxidative stress induce host cell dna damage asharani et al. When photo genotoxicity results of the nano zno particles and micno zno particles are compared for uva, the tail length was increased by 71% for the nano zno particles and the increase was 59% for micno zno particles. Therefore, present study was conducted to find out the possible effects of nps during.
The analysis result showed that zinc oxide is found to be at nano scale, with uniform morphology and well crystalline nature kushal et al. Nowadays, zno as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanofibers as well as plenty of other sophisticated nanostructures takes place among the pioneer nanomaterials employed. Pdf synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles. Traces of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps used may be found in the liver and kidney. Pdf the toxic effect of zno nanoparticles is due to their solubility. Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of cobaltbased nanoparticles sources of cobalt.
Assessment of the genotoxic potential of two zinc oxide sources. Accordingly, the research objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and phototoxicity behaviors of designed micnozno particles over human epidermal keratinocyte hacat cells. Np administration resulted in transient histopathology of the liver that was not seen after administration of 1. The rapid expansion of manufacturing and use of nanosized materials fuels the demand for fast and reliable assays to identify their potential hazardous properties and underlying mechanisms. Intact skin was demonstrated to be a sufficient barrier against nps. These characterization studies revealed the successful synthesis of pure zinc oxide nanoparticles without any impurities and unreated excessive precusor. Repetitive exposure enhanced cyto but not genotoxicity. Evidence of the differential biotransformation and genotoxicity of zno and ceo 2 nanoparticles on soybean. Therefore, we evaluated the chromosomal stability in macrophages after treatment with zno nps for 24 h. Accumulation and trafficking of zinc oxide nanoparticles in an. The results of the study indicated cytotoxic effects of znonp beginning at high concentrations of 50.
Zno nanopowders are available as powders and dispersions. Synergistic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles submitted by jayanta kumar behera in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of master of science in physics under the. Tcp ca 3 po 4 2, and zinc oxide zno nanoparticles nps that were 4. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in human. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of zno and al2o3 nanoparticles. Many airborne and soilborne nanoparticles nps can enter plants, which are the primary producers in the food chain. Genotoxicity of znonps znonp treatment induces genomic instability in macrophages. Hence, it is indispensable to appraise the safety toxicity including genotoxicity for these nps. Zinc oxide nanoparticles for revolutionizing agriculture. Thus, rising production of nanoparticles nps increases the possible risks to the environment and occupationally exposed humans. Genotoxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles in swiss. The genotoxic effect of zno and cuo nanoparticles on early. The sccs concludes that there is evidence for in vitro genotoxicity of zno nanoparticles as demonstrated in the positive comet assay.
Uvvis spectrum of zno nps recorded in 200800nm region as presented in figure 1d shows exciton absorption peak is at 373nm i. Dec 14, 2017 zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. Concern and interest related to the effects of nanomaterials on living organisms are growing in both the scientific and public communities. Although physical and chemical properties of micno zno particles have been studied, their biocompatibility has not yet been evaluated. Investigation of the genotoxicity of aluminum oxide. Colognato, r comparative genotoxicity of cobalt nanoparticles and ions on human peripheral leukocytes in vitro. Data about the toxicological characteristics of znonp is still under controversial discussion. Mutagenicity of zno may depend on the concentration, size andor particle shape. The present study focuses on the hydrothermal synthesis of zno nano crystals with different naoh concentrations 1.
Nevertheless, to the authors knowledge there are no reports on the biotransformation of nps by edible terrestrial plants. Therefore, we evaluated the chromosomal stability in macrophages after treatment with znonps for 24 h. Unfortunately, up to now the value of the e and optimum amount of mn as dopant is not clear. Nms have high surface area to volume ratio and the number of surface atoms and their arrangement determines the size and. Dillip kumar bisoyi department of physics national institute of technology, rourkela769008, orissa, india. Nanotechnology is the most innovative field of 21st century. Genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of zno and al2o3 nanoparticles article in toxicology mechanisms and methods 253. In this study, we evaluated the toxic and genotoxic potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps of 20 nm and the mutagenic potential of these zno nps as well as that of an amorphous zno.
Centrifugation is used in order to enhance the properties of the synthesized zno nanoparticles. Genotoxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles in. Timedependent toxic and genotoxic effects of zinc oxide. Synergistic effects between zno nps and fatty acids may be important when considering nps toxicity via oral exposure. Synthesis and characterization of zno nanoparticles.
Full text zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibit cytotoxicity. Epa refers to nanosized particles that are natural or aerosol as ultrafine particles ufps. Zinc is a block d, period 4 element, while oxygen is a block p, period 2 element. The toxtracker assay is a recently developed mechanismbased reporter assay based on mouse embryonic stem mes cells that uses gfptagged biomarkers for detection of dna damage, oxidative.
Moreover, zno nanocrystalline powders doped with 1, 3 and 5% mn were prepared using a solgel process 19. Naturally, cobalt occurs as only one stable isotope, cobalt 59. We investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative effects of particles on primary mouse embryo fibroblast cells. Therefore, the nano zno particles exhibit much higher photo genotoxicity than micno zno particles. The inhibition of root growth and biomass at the tested. Zn formulations exhibited the following toxicities ec50 expressed as mgl for bulk zno, nanoparticles of. Nowadays, the exploration of zinc oxide nanoparticles zno nps based. Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of zno nano. The reduction in size of zinc oxide zno and silicon dioxide sio 2 particles from micron to nano scale offers unique physical characteristics on one hand while making them cytotoxic on other hand. Studie on malachite green dye degradation by biogenic metal nano cuo and cuozno nano composites.
The toxic effects of zno npson organisms were studied using different treatment routes. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures intechopen. The present study was aimed at comparing cytotoxic effects of zno and sio 2 nanoparticles with their micron size and secondary aim was to compare responses of these particles. Pdf the potential toxicity of nanoparticles has currently provoked public and scientific discussions, and attempts to develop generally accepted. Nanosized titanium dioxide particles have been used in sunscreens since at least 1990 and nanosized zinc oxide since 1999. Epa refers to nano sized particles that are natural or aerosol as ultrafine particles ufps. Zinc oxide zno forms colorless hexagonal crystals or a white dusty powder. The effect of nanoparticle zno on environment and different.
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